All posts by IMichailidis

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4X4 TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS. Maintaining Adhesion

4X4 TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS

Maintaining Adhesion

Nikos Loupakis deciphers the trendy 4X4 logos, 4WD, AWD and analyzes the close relationship of all-wheel drive with off-road driving.

All of us have at some point seen an I.X. immobilized in the sand in summer, next to some beach, with its two driving wheels spinning "crazily", but without being able to move the car. It is perhaps the simplest and most typical example that shows the limits of two-wheel drive systems and at the same time explains why all off-road cars have some form of four-wheel drive.. That is, a four-wheel drive system. Wheel spin is a phenomenon that occurs much more easily on dirt, in the mud, in the sand, in the snow etc. and can drive, under certain conditions, at a complete stop of the car. You see, when we have "crazy" spin of one wheel, the other is immobilized and (due to the basic operation of the differential) it cannot transfer force to the ground and "unstick" the car.

When the drive is transmitted to all wheels, the force each tire must "put" on the road to move the car is halved and, consequently, traction is clearly more difficult to lose. This means that the ability to move on surfaces with a low coefficient of friction is increased, such as soil and mud. We recall that the spin begins when the force exerted by the wheel on the road (to push the car) exceed the limit determined by the quality of the soil. To transfer the drive to all four wheels, some additional components are required to be added to the transmission system. This is an intermediate transfer case (transfer case), which may include a differential, or some type of clutch that is responsible for dividing the drive between the two axles (back and forth). The type of four-wheel drive one wants to achieve also determines the type of components that will be added.

Click –> Τύποι συστημάτων μετάδοσης της κίνησης στους τέσσερις τροχούς

continuity: trans.kathimerini.gr

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Aberth 500 esseesse! Scandal

Aberth 500 esseesse

Scandal

Yiannis Tsirogiannis wonders how many more horses fit under the Abarth's tiny hood 500

Exaggeration is an integral part of the human temperament. Let me remind you that scientific research confirms the above saying in the most emphatic way. In the automotive part, for example, it has been proven that the vast majority of vain hobby car buyers rarely visit dirt terrain with their car. And yet, they want to know how, if needed, even once a year, they have the ability to do so. Paranoid. Similarly, whoever claims that the "simple" Abarth 500 not enough with 135 turbocharged horsepower and should rise to 160, is for… binding. Despite this, in light of the fact that there is an audience that supports "the stronger the better", the esseesse version gets a backlash. Now, for one must submit himself and engine (just 1.368 ml) in such a test, is another story. We said, yes to the advent of the little resurrected scorpion, but he likes to preload calipers… lobster!

continuity:… trans.kathimerini.gr

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BMW K 1300 S

BMW K 1300 S


Stronger and safer

The creation of the four-cylinder in-line transverse engine by BMW the 2005 marked a fresh start for the Bavarian company with new and highly marketable products that people loved. The 2009 BMW is moving on to the second generation of four-cylinder in-line engines, with more cubic, greater power, sophisticated peripherals and upgraded electronic systems. The new K 1300 S is the sportiest model in the range that includes a road bike (K 1300 R) and a purely touristic one (K 1300 GT). All three were based on the already existing K series 1200 S/R/GT, but with important differences.

continuity: trans.kathimerini.gr

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Liquid gas propulsion

Tribute: Liquid gas propulsion Tribute: Liquid gas propulsion
PRESENTATION: (10/11/2010) With the price of lead-free having reached the heights and also the ecological interest of all of us is increasing, alternative forms of fuel (such as LPG) are becoming more and more popular. In this topic we analyze the negatives and positives of gas propulsion, the method and cost of the conversion, as well as all other economic and technical parameters, related to gas propulsion.

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Ecological motoring

Ecological motoring

Toyota with lithium batteries the 2012

In about three years, Toyota's first lithium battery electric cars are expected to go on sale. The presentation at the recent Tokyo show of the FT-EV II (future Toyota electric vehicle two), of the company's second electric prototype, was a first indication of Japanese intentions, which were later confirmed, in early November, from statements by the vice president of Toyota America Bob Carter. Mr. Carter, Well, he said that the car that will be sold will be a small city car, but it will also differ from the FT-EV II we see in the photo, and from the slightly larger FT-EV, which was based on our well-known iQ.

He also stated that he does not share the optimistic forecasts of other manufacturers who believe that until 2020 the 10% of the car market will be "electrified", as much remains to be done from the technological side, to lower the cost of batteries – and with it the cost of electric cars. Note that the FT-EV II is a four-seater, has a length 2.730 mm, top speed 100 km/h and range 90 kilometers.

more…. trans.kathimerini.gr

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Citroen DS9 in production!

The stunning Citroen Metropolis to go into production as the DS9

The impressive ultra-luxury and hybrid concept of Citroen that we met with the code name "Metropolis", it looks like it will finally go into production. This will be done under the name Citroen DS9 which fits in any case with the new nomenclature of the company. The CEO of Citroen Asia, Gregoire Olivier confirms the rumors that wanted the top model of the French company to go into production. The car that became known as the Metropolis will be launched in the Chinese market as the DS9 which will place it at the top of the brand's models. In his related statements at a conference in Shanghai, China, Olivier stated that: “Metropolis will be built, while its styling cues will be used to build a premium sedan in China.”. But what was not announced is whether there will be a corresponding European version of the DS9, as well as when the production of the model will start.
The dimensions of the impressive car reach 5,3 meters for length, the 2 meters for the width, and the 1,4 meters for height, while the HYmotion4 hybrid system will take care of its movement. This one uses a V6 engine, 2 liters with 272 horsepower to the front axle, and an electric motor that drives the rear wheels. Its final performance will be the 460 horses and the 430 Nm of torque, while a dual-clutch automatic transmission will be used 7 relations.

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New Citroen DS4 Crossover

Citroen DS4 Crossover: A capable rival for Nissan & Mini.

The production of the new Citroen DS4 Crossover enters its final phase, which will be presented as a prototype at the Geneva International Motor Show next month.

It will appear in the exhibition with two doors, while the company intends to produce it as a four-door at the beginning 2011, when it will take the production route. Ambition is to be a capable opponent of the respective models Nissan Juke and Mini Countryman, which will soon be released on European roads.

Like DS3, DS4s will feature an upgraded interior and a wide range of options will allow owners to customize their car to their liking. In everything,what about the engines, information suggests that it is likely to be borrowed from the C4 range.